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Thomas Simpson
Thomas Simpson FRS (20 August 1710 – 14 May 1761) was a British mathematician, inventor and eponym of Simpson's rule to approximate definite integrals. The attribution, as often in mathematics, can be debated: this rule had been found 100 years earlier by Johannes Kepler, and in German is the so-called Keplersche Fassregel.
==Biography==
Simpson was born in Market Bosworth, Leicestershire. The son of a weaver, Simpson taught himself mathematics. At the age of nineteen, he married a fifty-year old widow with two children.〔Stigler, Stephen M. The History of Statistics: The Measurement of Uncertainty before 1900. The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1986.〕 As a youth he became interested in astrology after seeing a solar eclipse. He also dabbled in divination and caused fits in a girl after 'raising a devil' from her. After this incident, he and his wife had to flee to Derby.〔(Simpson, Thomas (1710-1761) )〕 He moved with his wife and children to London at age twenty-five, where he supported his family by weaving during the day and teaching mathematics at night.〔Stigler, Stephen M. The History of Statistics: The Measurement of Uncertainty before 1900. The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1986.〕
From 1743, he taught mathematics at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich. Simpson was a fellow of the Royal Society. In 1758, Simpson was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.
He died in Market Bosworth, and was laid to rest in Sutton Cheney. A plaque inside the church commemorates him.
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